Benign conditions

Keloids are raised, lumpy scars that form when scar tissue grows excessively after a skin injury, such as a cut, burn, surgical incision, piercing, or bug bite. They are benign (non-cancerous), non-contagious, and can sometimes cause discomfort like itching or tenderness.

Thyroid disease refers to conditions that affect how the thyroid gland produces hormones, leading to either too much (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) thyroxine. These imbalances can impact metabolism and cause symptoms like weight changes or irregular heartbeat.

Achalasia is a swallowing disorder that affects the esophagus, the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. It happens when nerve problems stop the esophagus from moving food and liquids into the stomach properly, causing them to build up and sometimes come back up with a bitter taste.

Anemia is a common blood condition that affects over 3 million Americans. It happens when the body doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen. These cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that moves oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Doctors diagnose anemia with a blood test that measures hemoglobin levels, which are lower than normal in people with this condition.

Enlarged prostate, or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition that causes urinary symptoms like frequent urination and difficulty starting urination. It typically results from hormonal changes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time. This leads to pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the affected joints.

Chronic cystitis is a long-term bladder inflammation that leads to pelvic pain and frequent urination, often caused by factors like interstitial cystitis and recurrent UTIs.